+ Health and Sciences +

Camellia Sinensis is the botanical name given to what is popularly known as Green Tea. Basically we get a dry extract of this plant which is used as an decaffeinated tea. Green tea is a Chinese herb, known to the Chinese from hundreds of years. It is rich in Polyphenols (around 40 to 50% by weight) and Catechins . Brief Summary of actions and properties of Green Tea: Antioxidant activity and scavenging free radicals. Stimulation of detoxification centers and systems. Selective induction and modification of metabolic enzymes in such a way that greater amounts of metabolites are formed and excreted from the body. Inhibition of factors that activate and develop the tumor. Ability to induce severe apoptosis (cell death) of neoplastic cells alone. This has been proved in AML (a kind of blood cancer), Skin cancer cells and Prostate cancer cells. Ability to stop abnormal cell growth- acting at the level of growth receptors and factors. Inhibition of gelatinase which is respo...

The below Table was taken from Dr. Mercola . The chart below shows the type of criminal activity, lawsuits and fines or judgments I was able to find for six drug companies. Keep in mind that these are conservative numbers as many records are not available without a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request. Also, many are not readily available online unless you know exactly what you're looking for, and what year.  Type of criminal activity Merck & Co. Pfizer GSK Baxter Roche Johnson & Johnson Guilty of fraud and/or Illegal sales activity 7 9 11 8 4 14 Federal and/or Civil lawsuits 100,000 Individuals or together in class action suits 10,000+ Individuals or together in class action suits 800+ 226+ Unnamed number of persons w/AIDS 5,000+ Individual and/or class action 500+ Individual and/or class action Dollar Amount of fines, judgments as a result of criminal or civil litigation $5.5 Billion+ $4 Billion+ $5 Billion+ $1.3 Billion+ $1.7 Billion+ $1 Billion+ ...

Arteriosclerosis can be defined as a group of diseases that result in arterial wall thickening. 1. Monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis: Medial calcification of medium sized arteries Femoral, tibial, radial and ulnar arteries are affected mostly. It is mostly asymptomatic and can be detected by X ray 2. Arteriosclerosis: Occurs in diabetes, hypertension and aging Affects small arteries and arterioles Microscopic appearance- Hyaline arteriosclerosis- pink, glossy arterial wall thickening with luminal narrowing is noted. Hyperplastic arteriosclerosis- Smooth muscle proliferation resulting in concentric (onion skin) wall thickening and luminal narrowing. 3. Atherosclerosis: Def: Lipid deposition and intimal thickening of large and medium sized arteries, resulting in fatty streaks and atheromatous plaques. Aorta, coronary arteries, carotid, cerebral, iliac and popliteal arteries Fatty streak- flat, yellow intimal streak. Microscopically, lipid laden macrophages can be se...

Gross sequence of Changes in MI Time Predominant finding 0 to 18 hours No gross changes 18 to 24 hours Vague pallor and softening 1 to 7 days Yellow scar 7 to 28 days Central scar formation with red border Months Thick white Firm scar formation Microscopic changes in MI Survival Time Predominant Finding 1-4 hours Wavy myocyte fibers, contraction bands 4-24 hours Coagulative necrosis 1 to 3 days Neutrophil infiltration 3 to 7 days Macrophage infiltration 7 to 28 days Granulation tissue Months Fibrotic scar

Intervals Normal duration Average Range Events in the Heart PR interval 0.18 0.12 to 0.2 Atrial depolarization and conduction through AV node QRS interval 0.08 to 0.10 Ventricular depolarization and Atrial repolarization QT interval 0.40 to 0.43 Ventricular depolarization and repolarization ST interval 0.32 Ventricular repolarization P wave Atrial depolarization

Blood volume in lungs= 450ml, 9% of total blood volume. Blood flowing through Bronchial arteries- 1-2% of total Cardiac Output Pulmonary Vascular resistance= 1/7 of systemic vascular resistance Mean pressure= 15mmHg Pulmonary arteries constrict in response to hypoxia. Perfusion and Ventilation both are more in lower lobes Ventilation/resistance is maximum at the apex. Pulmonary veins are collapsed in upper and middle lobes, distended in lower lobes. This is because pressure in pulmonary veins of upper and middle lobes is less than atmospheric pressure. This causes the veins to collapse.