DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization) has developed 2-DG (2 Deoxy-D-Glucose) for Covid19 and the first batch of this Anti-Covid19 drug was released by Defense and Health Ministers of India on 17/5/2021. 2-DG has got emergency approval as an adjunct drug in moderate to severe cases of Covid19 in India.
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Mechanism of Action and Role in Cancer treatment:
Glucose is metabolized through 2 pathway in human body. Aerobic (Oxidative phosphorylation) and Anaerobic (Glycolysis). 2-DG was earlier used as an adjuvant therapy in some Cancers. 2-DG blocks Glycolysis (anaerobic metabolism of Glucose). 2.DG forms a dead end in Glycolysis at the Isomerase enzyme level. Cancer cells which largely depend on Glucose for their energy, have a lot of Glucose transporters on their cells, thereby taking in large amounts of 2-DG (which mimics Glucose). Cancer cells utilize Glycolysis to metabolize Glucose- This was demonstrated by Nobel Laurette Otto Warburg. But 2-DG can not be metabolized through Glycolysis, thereby cancer cells starve and die slowly. Therefore it acts as a Glucose analogue that inhibits Glucose metabolism. Click here.
Role in Covid19:
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Role in Cytokine Storm in Covid19 patients:
The intense and disproportionate immune reaction seen in response to Covid19 viral infection in some patients, is termed as Cytokine storm. Cytokine storm has been thought as one of the major reasons for death in Covid19 patients. Studies have shown that 2-DG along with low dose radiation can help quell Cytokine Storm.
2-DG is an oral drug and will be available in sachets. It is to be mixed with water and taken.
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